Wei
Jingsheng Foundation News and Article Release Issue: A1088-W725
魏京生基金会新闻与文章发布号：A1088-W725
Release
Date: February 25, 2018
发布日：2018年2月25日
Topic:
Lithuanian Documents: Famous Soviet Actor Was Working For the KGB (Epoch Time)
标题：立陶宛密档：著名苏联演员为克格勃线民（大纪元）
Original
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Lithuanian
Documents: Famous Soviet Actor Was Working For the KGB
(Epoch
Times, February 24, 2018) (Epoch Times reporter Yi Ru reports) The latest published KGB documents
revealed that several prominent entertainers in the former Soviet Union were
working for the KGB. Analysts
believe that this is a clean up of the Communist Party in the past, revealing
the truth of past history, and also part of the transformational justice.
The
last batch of KGB documents released recently by Lithuania show Donatas
Banionis, a favorite actor from the Soviet Union and Lithuania, as well as
Saulius Sondeckis, a well-known violinist and conductor, served the KGB for
many years.
The
Lithuanian Genocide and Resistance Research Centre (LGGRTC), which handles the
declassified archives, said that the actor Donatas Banionis was recruited by
the KGB in 1970 to take on the responsibility of collecting information on
Lithuanian expatriates living in the West, especially those in the United
States, then giving the information to the KGB to be able to track them down.
Saulius
Sondeckis was recruited by the KGB in 1962. His task was to persuade his father who settled in Canada to
stop anti-Soviet activities, and to try to get his father to return and settle
in Lithuania in the Soviet Union.
Sondckis's father was a very outspoken anti-Soviet activist among the
Lithuanian immigrants in Canada.
The
research center said both had died.
Both of them were Soviet actors and received many medals from the Soviet
Union and the Lithuanian government after its independence. Banionis was a household name who
starred in dozens of movies in the Former Soviet Union. His outstanding performance in the spy
film "Dead Season" had influenced and prompted Vladimir Putin to
embark on his road to work for the KGB.
At
the time of the collapse of the former Soviet Union, the KGB destroyed a large
number of files. Currently, the
files left behind were all unclassified.
In total, nearly 1,700 people had worked for the KGB. However, a historian in this center,
who specializes in the work of the persecution agencies of the Soviet Communist
autocratic regime, said that the secret police of the Soviet Union have touched
every corner of Lithuanian society.
He estimates that the actual number of cooperating civilians in
Lithuania at that time could be as high as 100,000 people.
Hu
Ping, honorary editor-in-chief of "Beijing Spring", told Epoch Times:
"It is not surprising that there were so many informants in Lithuania
because it is a common phenomenon to monitor the people in the Communist
totalitarian society."
"During
the early days of the Communists, people who believed in the ideology of the
Communist Party thought that was a very honorable thing to pay attention to the
actions around them and report problems to the Communist Party. Therefore, it was regarded as an
ingenious task to be informants.
Later, more and more people developed resentment against the communist
dictatorship. They thought these
informants were very bad and very shameful, and they were doing bad things so
fewer people were willing to do so."
Hu Ping said.
The
Communist Society Monitors Everyone and Manufactures Terror
It
is reported that the East German secret police secretly monitored 6 million of
the 18 million populations. In his
book "Stasi: The Untold Story Of The East German Secret Police" John
Koehler thinks that the total number of agents (informal collaborators) in East
Germany may have been close to 500,000.
However, according to an assessment by an anonymous former Stasi
Colonel, if the provisional informants were also counted, the total number of
informants may have been as high as 2 million.
Huang
Ciping, executive director of the Wei Jingsheng Foundation in the United
States, told Epoch Times: "The communist state deals with the society in
such an extreme way as to control its citizens completely. Therefore, it needs to turn the
civilians into informants as part of its extremely means of control."
There
are a large number of these informants in Eastern Europe, the Soviet Union and
China. Why do authoritarian
regimes need these informants?
Huang Ciping said: "The communist system is very evil. One of its evils is to make full use of
human weaknesses and to create a terrifying environment so that you will know
that people are peeking at you at every corner of the society, thus to make
sure that you are afraid to talk or take actions. This kind of terror enables the regime to further strengthen
its authoritarian system."
Forced
to Become Informants Due to Human Weaknesses
When
Lithuania first became independent in the 1990s, two well-known local
anti-Soviet and anti-communist parliament members were also exposed as former
informants of the KGB, which was a great scandal at the time. The Lithuanian Genocide and Resistance
Research Centre said that those Lithuanians acting as informants were not
acting voluntarily for the KGB. In
an interview with the media before his death, actor Donatas Banionis said that
during his visit to the United States in the 1970s, he was forced to write
reports to the KGB when he returned to the Soviet Union after he contacted
local Lithuanian expatriates.
Huang
Ciping said that when some of her Chinese friends returned to China, people
from the PRC's Ministry of National Security would talk to them, with threats
of "your parents, brothers and sisters are still here, and you should
think of them." "In some
places can you give a hand, or inform us?" The CCP made use of the weakness of human relations to make
people think that: "‘my parents gave me life and raised me. For them, I will therefore violate my
conscience against others.' This
is exactly one of the evil features of the Communist system."
What
is the Practical Significance of Declassifying the KGB Documents in Lithuania?
Huang
Ciping said: "It is very significant for the Lithuanian government to make
public these documents. One of the
great benefits is to give out caution to the future generations: If you do not
want the others to know, then you better not to do so. So here I advise the Chinese who have
the potential to be informants not to do so because what you did will
inevitably be found out, which will affect your life and your reputation. I hope everyone should consider this
future."
Hu
Ping said: "For Lithuania, it is a clean-up of the Communist Party in the
past, to reveal the truth of the past history, to be a part of the
transformational justice."
He
said that the publication of these documents in Lithuania also tells people
that regardless of the control of the KGB, the role played by informants can be
neglected in the great revolution of history. Therefore, no matter how large the numbers of informants are,
it cannot prevent the ultimate collapse of the Communist regime.
Editor:
Li Mingyu
Original
link of this report:
http://www.epochtimes.com/gb/18/2/24/n10169112.htm
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中文版
Wei
Jingsheng Foundation News and Article Release Issue: A1088-W725
魏京生基金会新闻与文章发布号：A1088-W725
Release
Date: February 25, 2018
发布日：2018年2月25日
Topic:
Lithuanian Documents: Famous Soviet Actor Was Working For the KGB (Epoch Time)
标题：立陶宛密档：著名苏联演员为克格勃线民（大纪元）
Original
Language Version: Chinese (Chinese version at the end)
此号以中文为准（英文在前，中文在后）
如有中文乱码问题，请与我们联系或访问：
http://www.weijingsheng.org/report/report2018/report2018-02/HuangCPonKGBagents180225EpochTimesA1088-W725.htm
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立陶宛密档：著名苏联演员为克格勃线民
【大纪元2018年02月24日讯】（大纪元记者易如采访报导）最新解密的克格勃档案披露，前苏联多名著名的演艺界人士曾是克格勃线民。分析认为，这是对过去共产党的一种清理，披露过去历史的真相，也是转型正义的一部分。
立陶宛日前公布的最后一批克格勃解密档案显示，苏联和立陶宛亲睐的男演员巴尼奥尼斯，以及著名小提琴家和乐队指挥索德茨基斯曾多年服务克格勃。
处理该解密档案的立陶宛民众抵抗和民族灭绝研究中心说，代号布罗诺斯的男演员巴尼奥尼斯1970年被克格勃招募，任务是负责收集居住在西方、特别是美国的立陶宛侨民情报，提供给克格勃以便跟踪监视。
代号萨柳塔斯的乐队指挥索德茨基斯是1962年被克格勃招募的，他的任务是说服在加拿大定居的父亲停止反苏活动，以及策反他父亲能返回苏联立陶宛定居。索德茨基斯的父亲曾是加拿大立陶宛移民中非常活跃的反苏人士。
研究中心说，两人已先后去世，生前都曾是苏联演员，并多次获得苏联和独立后的立陶宛政府颁发的勋章。巴尼奥尼斯因主演过几十部电影在前苏联地区家喻户晓。他在谍战片"死亡季节"栩栩如生的表演，影响并促成普京走上为克格勃工作之路。
苏共垮台时，克格勃销毁了大量的档案，目前留下来的档案全被解密公开，总共大约有近1700人曾为克格勃服务。不过，在这所专门研究苏共专制政权迫害机构工作的历史学家纳尔维达斯说，苏联秘密警察的触角波及立陶宛社会的各个角落，他估计当时立陶宛的实际线民人数可能达到10万人。
《北京之春》荣誉主编胡平对大纪元表示："立陶宛有那么多线人并不令人奇怪，因为监控本国民众在共产极权社会是一个很普遍的现象。"
"早期相信共产党那套意识形态的人觉得注意旁边人的举动、向组织反应问题等是一件很光荣的事情，所以把作为线人当作很光荣的任务；后来，越来越多人对共产党的专制产生了反感，对告密、打小报告的线人认为是很恶劣、很丢人的，是在干坏事情，所以愿意这样做的人就越少了。"胡平说。
共产社会全民监控 制造恐怖环境
据悉，当年东德秘密警察曾把1800万人口中的600万纳入了秘密监视之列。学者约翰?科勒在其《史塔西：东德秘密警察秘史》一书中认为，东德线人（非正式合作者）的总人数可能接近50万，而另据一位匿名的前史塔西上校的估计，若将临时线人也计算在内，则线人总数可能高达200万人。
美国魏京生基金会执行主任黄慈平对大纪元说："共产主义国家是以全民控制这样一种极端的方式来对付这个社会，所以，它要需线民作为它一个极端控制的手段。"
东欧、苏联和中国都存在大量的线民。当局为什么需要线民？黄慈平说："共产主义制度是非常邪恶的，邪恶之一就是充分利用人的弱点，制造恐怖环境，让你知道在整个社会处处都有人盯着你，让你不敢乱说乱动。这种恐怖使得它更进一步的强化它的专制制度。"
利用人性弱点 被迫当线民
90年代立陶宛刚独立时，两名当地很出名的非常反苏和反共的议员也被揭露出曾是克格勃的线民，当时酿成很大丑闻。立陶宛民众抵抗和民族灭绝研究中心表示，那些充当线民的立陶宛人都不是自愿主动上门提出为克格勃工作。演员巴尼奥尼斯生前接受媒体采访时曾表示，他70年代访问美国，同当地的立陶宛侨民接触后返回苏联，他被迫向克格勃写汇报材料。
黄慈平表示，她的一些中国朋友回国，中共国安部的人就找到他们谈话，以"父母、兄弟姐妹还在这儿，你要替他们着想"威胁他，"在有的地方能不能够高抬贵手，有的地方能不能够给我们通风报信。"中共利用人的亲情这个弱点，"我父母毕竟是生我养我的，为了这个就违背良心去做一些违反其他人的一些事情，这正是共产制度邪恶的一个特点之一吧。"
立陶宛解密档案有何现实意义？
"立陶宛公布线民档案很有意义，一个很大的好处就是警示后人：要想人不知，除非己莫为。所以也劝告在中国的这些可能会成为线人的人不要做这些事情，因为做了以后必然会被发现，那么自己会有什么样的命运，名誉又会如何，我觉得都是大家应该考虑的。"黄慈平说。
胡平表示："对立陶宛来说，是对过去的共产党的一种清理，披露过去历史的真相，也是转型正义的一部分。"
他说，立陶宛公布这些档案还告诉人们，不管克格勃怎样控制，在历史的大变革中，线人起的作用从来都是微不足道的，所以，共产党不管有多大数量的线人，对这个制度最后的崩溃瓦解都不能起到任何的挽救作用。
责任编辑：李明宇
报道的原始链接：
http://www.epochtimes.com/gb/18/2/24/n10169112.htm
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