Wei
Jingsheng Foundation News and Article Release Issue: A1123-W755
魏京生基金会新闻与文章发布号：A1123-W755
Release
Date: July 8, 2018
发布日：2018年7月8日
Topic:
"Man Monitoring Man" and Big Data - Chinese Communist Regime Monitors
Overseas Chinese （Voice of America report）
标题："人盯人"，大数据，中共监控之手伸向海外华人（美国之音）
Original
Language Version: Chinese (Chinese version at the end)
此号以中文为准（英文在前，中文在后）
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"Man
Monitoring Man" and Big Data - Chinese Communist Regime Monitors Overseas
Chinese
June
30, 2018 09:30
--
by Xiao Yu, Voice of America
Shortly
after he sat down in the Chinese restaurant, Wei Jingsheng noticed a man and a
woman immediately sat down on the table next to them. The two people are not like a couple -- they have nothing to
say to each other, they order some food, they look down at their own mobile
phones, and there is a third mobile phone on the table.
"That
was eavesdropping," Wei Jingsheng said with a smile. "Because we have been fighting the
Communist Party for many years in China, we are more sensitive to the presence
of such people. Sometimes it is
not obvious, sometimes it is very obvious. For example, when they are using overseas Chinese students
to do this kind of work, the technical level is not high, which is too
obvious."
Wei
Jingsheng is a well-known political dissident who spent 18 years in Chinese
prisons for his democratic activities.
He came to the United States in 1997 and currently lives in the
Washington, DC area. He told the
Voice of America that such things happened to him often, especially in Chinese
restaurants that had good relations with the Chinese embassy in the USA.
Over
the past few decades, China's ruling Communist Party has extended its control
over political opponents overseas.
Nowadays, the traditional "man-to-man" monitoring continues,
but emerging technologies have made the Communist regime's efforts to expand
its autocratic rule globally even more powerful; the scope and complexity of
monitoring are much higher than in the past.
A
report released this week by the Australian think tank "Australian
Strategic Policy Center" said Chinese officials tried to force overseas
Chinese citizens to install surveillance equipment in the businesses they
operate.
The
focus of the report is on the social credit system that China is building. This ambitious project was created in
2014 to monitor, influence, and judge the behavior of individuals, companies,
and other entities through big data collection and analysis. Its core purpose is to align these
entities with the policies, directives, and will of the Communist Party. China plans to make the social credit
system cover all citizens by 2020.
The
author of the report, Samantha Hoffman, a scholar who studies China's national
security policy and social control, believes that this system, which is still
in its embryonic form, will not only strengthen the political control of the
regime against its own people, but also will affect international companies and
the overseas Chinese community, and may even directly interfere with the
sovereignty of other countries.
For
example, in January this year, an article by the Overseas Chinese Affairs
Office of the State Council stated that overseas Chinese would also be included
in the upcoming national civil aviation industry credit information
record. Those who lost their
credits will be listed on the "grey list" and "black list"
according to the degree of violations.
The
report pointed out that this provision is likely to be abused to punish
political dissidents, such as Uyghur who are often wrongly accused of engaging
in terrorist activities by the authorities.
The
report said, "The important point is that 'Overseas Chinese' can cover any
person that the CCP has identified as 'Chinese,' regardless of whether they
have the nationality of the People's Republic of China."
Also
this week, US media reported that Chinese technology giant ZTE and
Beijing-funded Confucius Institutes have cooperated around the world to turn
the institution that claims to spread Chinese language and culture into an
overseas data collection center for the Communist authorities.
The
investigation of the Daily Beast website revealed that ZTE and Confucius
Institutes have cooperated for more than ten years. As early as the establishment of the Confucius Institute in
2005, ZTE participated in the creation of a Confucius Institute at a French
university and provided distance-learning technology. The company also provides equipment and training for the
Confucius Institutes from Cuba to Zambia.
"The
data collected from the Confucius Institutes may of course be used solely for
educational purposes, but speech recognition and keyword recognition software
may also be used for surveillance purposes related to national security,"
the report said.
The
report said that US lawmakers have regarded ZTE as one of the channels for
China's surveillance.
Original
link of this VOA report:
https://www.voachinese.com/a/china-extending-monitoring-regime-worldwide-20180629/4461215.html
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中文版
Wei
Jingsheng Foundation News and Article Release Issue: A1123-W755
魏京生基金会新闻与文章发布号：A1123-W755
Release
Date: July 8, 2018
发布日：2018年7月8日
Topic:
"Man Monitoring Man" and Big Data - Chinese Communist Regime Monitors
Overseas Chinese （Voice of America report）
标题："人盯人"，大数据，中共监控之手伸向海外华人（美国之音）
Original
Language Version: Chinese (Chinese version at the end)
此号以中文为准（英文在前，中文在后）
如有中文乱码问题，请与我们联系或访问：
http://www.weijingsheng.org/report/report2018/report2018-07/WeiJSonMonitoring180708VOAreportA1123-W755.htm
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"人盯人"，大数据，中共监控之手伸向海外华人
2018年6月30日
09:30
-- 美国之音萧雨
在中餐馆落座后不久，魏京生发现，马上就有一男一女也在他们旁边桌子的位子上坐了下来。两个人不像是情侣，彼此无话，点了些饭菜，就各自低头看手机，桌上还摆着第三部手机。
"那不就是窃听嘛，"
魏京生笑着说，"因为我们在国内跟共产党斗争很多年，所以对这种人就比较敏感。有的时候不太明显，有的时候就非常明显。比如说他们用留学生干这种活儿时，技术水平不高，那太明显了。"
魏京生是一位知名政治异见人士，因为从事民主活动，在中国的监狱度过了18年，1997年来到美国，目前居住在首都华盛顿。他对美国之音说，这样的事在他身上时有发生，特别是在那些和大使馆关系好的中餐馆里 。
过去几十年来， 中国执政的共产党将对政治对手的控制延伸至海外。如今，传统的"人盯人"监控还在继续，不过新兴技术让中共向全球扩展专制统治的努力如虎添翼，监控范围和复杂程度远超以往。
澳大利亚智库"澳洲战略政策中心"这个星期发布的一份报告说，中国官员试图强迫海外中国公民在其经营的企业里安装监控设备。
报告关注的重点是中国正在打造的社会信用体系。这套雄心勃勃的工程创建于2014年，通过大数据收集和分析手段，监控、影响、评判个人、公司和其它实体的行为，核心目的是让他们和中共的政策、指示和意志保持一致。中国计划到2020年让社会信用体系覆盖全体国民。
报告作者、研究中国国家安全政策和社会控制的学者霍夫曼（Samantha Hoffman）认为，这套尚在雏形中的体系不仅将加强执政者对本国民众的政治控制，还将影响国际企业、海外华人社区，并可能直接干扰他国主权。
比如，今年1月，中国国务院侨务办公室的一篇文章说，华人华侨也将被纳入即将设立的全国民航行业信用信息记录。失信者将依照违规程度列入"灰名单"和"黑名单"。
报告指出，这项规定很可能被滥用于惩罚政治异见者，比如常被当局错误地指控为从事恐怖主义活动的维吾尔人。
报告说，"重要的一点是，'海外华人华侨'可以涵盖任何中共认定为'中国人'的人，不管他们是否具有中华人民共和国国籍。"
同样在这个星期，美国媒体报道说，中国科技巨头中兴通讯与北京资助的孔子学院在世界各地合作，将这家自称传播中国语言文化的机构变为中国当局在海外的数据收集中心。
《每日野兽》网站的调查披露，中兴公司和孔子学院的合作已有十余年。早在2005年孔子学院设立之初，中兴就参与创建了法国一所大学的孔子学院，并为其提供远程教学技术。 公司还为从古巴到赞比亚的孔子学院提供设备和培训。
"从孔子学院收集的数据当然可能只是单纯地用于教学目的，但语音识别和关键词识别软件也可能被用于和国家安全相关的监控用途，"报道说。
报道说，美国国会议员已经将中兴公司视作中国监控的渠道之一。
美国之音该报道的原始链接：
https://www.voachinese.com/a/china-extending-monitoring-regime-worldwide-20180629/4461215.html
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