Wei Jingsheng
Foundation News and Article Release Issue: A1175-W803
魏京生基金會新聞與文章發佈號：A1175-W803
Release Date: December
29, 2018
發佈日：2018年12月29日
Topic: Who Was the
Biggest Enemy of Deng Xiaoping? (Part 1) -- PeopleNews (Taiwan)
標題：【歐洲之聲】鄧小平的最大敵人是誰？（一）-- 民報（臺灣）
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Version: Chinese (Chinese version at the end)
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[Voice of Europe] Who
Was the Biggest Enemy of Deng Xiaoping? (Part 1)
-- by Liao Tienchi
(Germany), People News in Taiwan
2018-12-29 11:58
Forty years ago on
December 5, during a cold morning in Beijing before dawn, a young man quietly
rode his bicycle to the Democracy Wall in Xidex and posted a large-character poster. The words on that poster excited the
people who read it, as it proposed the fifth modernization --
"democracy". This was 2
years after Mao Zedong's death, when the political situation in China was still
in a harsh winter. The publicly
appearing words that would offend those high above, was a great thing to the
people.
Who wrote it? Was he not concerned of his own life? Soon after, the young man appeared in
person. He pushed away the others
and wrote his name with contact details on the big-character poster. "Wei Jingsheng" has been a
blockbuster since then. The
citizens of Beijing were amazed, but the high officials above were shocked. Deng Xiaoping, who just had three ups
and downs in his own political career, encountered a buster before he was able
to warm up his chair of power.
During the
"Cultural Revolution" period, Mao Zedong terminated Deng Xiaoping's
political career twice and sent him for labor reform in factories. Yet, Deng Xiaoping was still
desperately defending the banner of Mao Zedong. Deng said: "Mao Zedong was not an isolated person. He had been the leader of our Communist
Party until he passed away."
Deng wanted to "establish Mao Zedong's historical status, and
uphold and develop Mao Zedong Thought, as one of the most core policies."
Wei Jingsheng's
democratic appeal in the large-character poster he signed at Beijing's
Democracy Wall -- "The Fifth Modernization" made Deng Xiaoping, who
had proposed "Four modernizations" (industrial, agricultural,
national defense, science and technology), to be even shorter and more
mediocre, in the way as if he sat on a blanket of needles. Three months later, on March 25, 1979,
Wei Jingsheng again posted a large-character poster "Do We Want a
Democracy or a New Dictatorship?" which pointed right at Deng Xiaoping. Wei pointed out that Deng Xiaoping was
taking a dictatorial path and was establishing true dictatorship. By then, Deng Xiaoping could not help
himself but to arrest Wei Jingsheng.
Wei was arrested. His
self-defense in the court was loud and proud, which shook the world.
Journalist Gao Yu said
that she heard that Hu Yaobang thought Wei Jingsheng was innocent, while Deng
Xiaoping wanted to sentence Wei to death.
So (senior Communist leader) Peng Zhen said, "I have never tried to
make a compomise, but I will do so once - a 15 years sentence."
Senior officials in
Beijing revealed that Deng Xiaoping's political will was divided into two
parts, one of which was written and communicated publicly, while the other was
unwritten but to be carried out privately by the top officials. It was said that there are two
sentences in the later part. One
sentence was "I should not die before (Mao's wife) Jiang Qing"; the
other sentence was: "Do not let Wei Jingsheng wait for my death." Both of Deng's two wishes were not
fulfilled.
From this point of
view, Deng Xiaoping had two main enemies: Jiang Qing and Wei Jingsheng.
Forty years later in
Washington DC, this author interviewed Wei Jingsheng, whose black hair has
turned into white. I listened to
his history of living at the edge of death in Communist China, and the moment
when he ignited the fire of democracy...
Original link of this
report:
https://www.peoplenews.tw/news/a9ff4f97-0e82-4030-a4f1-15547ab60a1f?fbclid=IwAR2P1QSh3cqC0jGxKU7s-knb4jWxKSn1KtuTBbB5jjAdBnw8gVejYAsqCKQ
YouTube video of the
interview:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=1&v=UA_AUPmznw4
02:39 Why did Wei
Jingsheng propose the fifth modernization: democracy?
12:00 Why there were
no intellectuals participated at the democratic movement then?
19:42 Discussing the
process of the original trial of Wei Jingsheng.
Photo of author Liao
Tienchi with Wei Jingsheng:
http://www.weijingsheng.org/pic/newsletters/newsletters2018/newsletters2018-4/WeiJSwithLiaoTC181210PeopleNews.jpg
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中文版
Wei Jingsheng
Foundation News and Article Release Issue: A1175-W803
魏京生基金會新聞與文章發佈號：A1175-W803
Release Date: December
29, 2018
發佈日：2018年12月29日
Topic: Who Was the
Biggest Enemy of Deng Xiaoping? (Part 1) -- PeopleNews (Taiwan)
標題：【歐洲之聲】鄧小平的最大敵人是誰？（一）-- 民報（臺灣）
Original Language
Version: Chinese (Chinese version at the end)
此號以中文爲准（英文在前，中文在後）
如有中文亂碼問題，請與我們聯繫或訪問:
http://www.weijingsheng.org/report/report2018/report2018-12/WeiJSonDemocracyWall40th181229PeopleNewsA1175-W803.htm
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【歐洲之聲】鄧小平的最大敵人是誰？（一）
文／廖天琪（德國）2018-12-29 11:58 民報
40年前12月5日，北京一個嚴寒的清晨，一個年輕人趁著天光未亮之時，悄然騎著自行車到西單的民主牆上貼了一張大字報，上面的文字令後來觀看的人群如癡如醉――中國要第五個現代化「民主」，這在毛澤東逝世後2年，華夏大地政治上還是嚴冬的時節，公開出現如此「犯上作亂」的文字，可是大快人心的事啊。
誰寫的？不要命了嗎？不久年輕人親自現身了，他推開眾人，將自己的名字和聯繫方式當眾寫在大字報上。「魏京生」自此一鳴驚人，北京市民驚艷，但上面的高官驚魂。才三起三落的鄧小平，權力交椅尚席不暇暖就出來這樣一個剋星？
「文革」時期，毛澤東2次罷了鄧小平的官，並下放工廠勞動改造。鄧小平依然死心塌地的維護毛澤東的旗幟，他說：「毛澤東不是孤立的人，他直到去世，一直是我們黨的領袖。」要「確立毛澤東的歷史地位，堅持和發展毛澤東思想，這是最核心的一條。」
魏京生在北京民主墻簽名的大字報提出的民主訴求――「第五個現代化目標」令提出「四個現代化」（工業、農業、國防、科技）的小平同志更加顯得矮小和平庸，他如坐針毯。3個月之後，1979年3月25日，魏京生又貼出大字報「要民主還是要新的獨裁」，劍鋒直指鄧小平，指出：鄧小平走的是獨裁路線，是不折不扣的獨裁者。此時，鄧大人再也按奈不住，下手抓人了。魏京生被捕，在法庭上的自我辯護，擲地有聲，全世界都震動了。
高瑜說：當時聽說胡耀邦要判魏京生無罪，鄧小平要判死刑，彭真說「我從來不和稀泥，和一回，15年。」
北京高層官員透露：鄧小平的政治遺囑分2部分，一部分是成文的，可以公開傳達。另一部分是不成文的，由高層私下掌握。據說這部分有過2句話，一句是「我不能死在江青的前面」；另一句是：「不能讓魏京生等著我死」。這2個心願都沒兌現。
由此看來，鄧小平的主要敵人是2個：江青與魏京生。
40年後在華盛頓，筆者採訪了青絲已染成白髮的魏京生，傾聽他追述那段頻臨死亡邊緣的歷史，那也是在共產中國，民主薪火點燃的時刻......
該報道的原始鏈結：
https://www.peoplenews.tw/news/a9ff4f97-0e82-4030-a4f1-15547ab60a1f?fbclid=IwAR2P1QSh3cqC0jGxKU7s-knb4jWxKSn1KtuTBbB5jjAdBnw8gVejYAsqCKQ
採訪的YouTube錄影：
https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=1&v=UA_AUPmznw4
02:39 魏京生爲什麽要提出第五個現代化：民主？
12:00 談論當初的民主運動爲什麽沒有中國知識份子參加。
19:42 談論關於當初的審判的過程。
作者廖天琪與魏京生：
http://www.weijingsheng.org/pic/newsletters/newsletters2018/newsletters2018-4/WeiJSwithLiaoTC181210PeopleNews.jpg
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魏京生基金會及中國民主運動海外聯席會議以推動中國的人權與民主爲己任。
我們歡迎任何形式的幫助與貢獻。我們願與世界上爲人權與民主而奮鬥的人們一起努力。
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